Which founding father did not sign the Constitution due to diplomatic responsibilities in France?

Thomas Jefferson did not sign the Constitution because he was serving as the United States minister to France at the time the Constitution was being drafted and ratified in 1787. His diplomatic responsibilities required his presence in France, and he was unable to return to the United States for the Constitutional Convention. Jefferson had significant influence on the development of American political thought, but his duties abroad meant he had to miss out on the direct drafting of this foundational document.

The other founding fathers mentioned were present during the Constitutional Convention. John Adams was serving as the U.S. envoy to Great Britain and also did not participate directly, but he was not in France. George Washington not only attended the convention but also presided over it, playing a crucial role in the discussions and debates. Benjamin Franklin was also actively involved, being one of the oldest delegates at the convention and contributing to its proceedings significantly.