What document contains the system of government of the United States?

The Constitution of the United States is the foundational document that outlines the structure and principles of the federal government. It establishes the framework for governance by detailing the separation of powers among the three branches of government: the legislative, executive, and judicial branches. Additionally, the Constitution sets forth the responsibilities and powers of each branch, along with the relationship between the federal government and the states.

The document not only defines the government’s structure but also includes important provisions related to individual rights and liberties, which are further elaborated in the Bill of Rights. However, the Bill of Rights itself does not establish the system of government; it amends the Constitution to ensure the protection of individual freedoms.

The Declaration of Independence, while critical in declaring autonomy from British rule, does not serve as a governing document; it primarily articulates the reasons for separation and the philosophical underpinnings of government. The Federalist Papers, on the other hand, are a collection of writings that were used to promote the ratification of the Constitution and explain its principles but do not encompass the actual governance framework themselves.

Thus, the Constitution stands as the authoritative document that delineates the governing system of the United States.